Chemical name: 1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)bis[4-chloro-benzene] Final regulatory action has been taken for the category: Pesticide Final regulatory action: The chemical is Banned Use or uses prohibited by the final regulatory action: All formulations and uses are prohibited. Pesticide use or uses that remain allowed: None The final regulatory action was based on a risk or hazard evaluation: Yes Summary of the final regulatory action: DDT was excluded from the list of active substances authorized for use in plant protection products in 1969 under the Law on protection of plants against pests and blights. It has prohibited to production, use and place on the market all plant protection products containing DDT according to annual adopted list of active ingredients banned for use in plant protection products under the lant Protection Act since 2003. DDT is designated as a PIC chemical. (Annex I of the Regulation on the import and export of certain dangerous chemicals on the Bulgarian territory). The chemical is listed in Annex II of the Regulation as prohibited for export from and import in the country. The reasons for the final regulatory action were relevant to: Human health and environment Summary of known hazards and risks to human health: Acute Toxicity: Rat Oral LD50; 113 mg ai/kg bw. Rat Dermal LD50; 2510 mg ai/kg bw. WHO Classification: ai: Class II-moderately hazardous. Formulations: Below 200 g/kg for solids and 500 g/l for liquids- Class III, otherwise Class II. Short-term Toxicity: DDT mainly affects the central and peripheral nervous system and the liver. It appears to be embryotoxic in mice (2.5 mg/kg/day). The NOEL is 0.25 mg/kg/day. Chronic Toxicity: IARC concludes that DDT is a non-genotoxic liver carcinogen in mice. The NOEL is 0.3 mg/kg/day; a tolerated daily intake of 0.02 mg/kg/day is proposed. No evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. JMPR/Codex ADI: 0.02 mg/kg Expected effect of the final regulatory action in relation to human health: To avoid and reduce exposure of the chemical and the associated risks to human health. Summary of known hazards and risks to the environment: Adverse health effects of DDT in animals include reproductive and developmental failure, possible immune system effects, and the widespread deaths of wild birds after DDT spraying. As is the case with many organochlorine insecticides, a major target of acute DDT exposure is the nervous system. Long-term administration of DDT has brought about neurological, hepatic, renal and immunologic effects in animals. DDT prevents androgen from binding to its receptor thereby blocking androgen from guiding normal sexual development in male rats and resulting in abnormalities. In laboratory cultures of whole phytoplankton from the Caspian and Mediterranean seas, DDT reduced primary production by as much as 50% at a concentration of 1 ppb. Marine fish appear to be very sensitive to DDT: the 96 h LC50 for it ranges between 0.4 and 0.89 micrograms/l for a variety of teleosts. Bivalve molluscs, with their ability to concentrate organochlorine pesticides without coming to harm have a 96 h LC50 greater than 10 mg/l. Long-range atmospheric transport of DDT into the northern countries, including the Arctic, is well documented; DDT has been detected in Arctic air, soil, snow and ice, and virtually all levels of the Arctic food chain. Many studies indicate that bottom sediments in lakes and rivers act as reservoirs for DDT and its metabolites. Expected effect of the final regulatory action in relation to the environment: To avoid and reduce exposure, hazards and risks of the chemical to the environment. Date of entry into force of the final regulatory action: 01/04/2003 |